Toronto Blessing

A unique spiritual revival marked by ecstatic experiences and miraculous manifestations.


The Toronto Blessing refers to a revival movement that started on January 20, 1994, at the Toronto Airport Vineyard church, later known as the Toronto Airport Christian Fellowship and now called Catch the Fire Toronto. It is renowned for its ecstatic worship services, including manifestations such as uncontrollable laughter, weeping, shaking, falling to the ground (often referred to as being “slain in the Spirit”), and speaking in tongues. This movement gained international attention, drawing visitors from around the globe who sought to experience this outpouring of the Holy Spirit.

Origins and Development

The Toronto Blessing began when pastors John and Carol Arnott, inspired by revivals in South Africa and Argentina, invited Randy Clark, a Vineyard pastor from St. Louis, Missouri, to speak at their church. Clark, influenced by his experiences of miracles and the ministry of Rodney Howard-Browne, preached about being “drunk in the Spirit.” His initial four-day ministry visit extended as attendees experienced dramatic spiritual manifestations, marking the beginning of the revival.

Characteristics and Practices

The revival is characterized by unique and often controversial spiritual phenomena. Attendees reported experiencing intense physical reactions during worship and prayer, such as laughter, crying, and physical collapses. Proponents argue these manifestations are physical evidence of the Holy Spirit’s presence and work. The Toronto Blessing also emphasized personal renewal and deepened relationships with God, with many attendees claiming transformative experiences.

Reception and Criticism

The Toronto Blessing has been both celebrated and criticized within Christian communities. Supporters claim it represents a significant move of God, pointing to changed lives and deepened faith among participants. Critics, however, have questioned the biblical basis of the manifestations, comparing them unfavorably to emotional outbursts or even attributing them to psychological or demonic influences. The Vineyard Movement, with which the Toronto Airport church was initially affiliated, eventually distanced itself from the church over disagreements about the revival’s practices.

Impact and Legacy

The movement’s influence spread globally, impacting thousands of churches and millions of individuals. It sparked similar revivals and movements, notably in the United Kingdom, where churches reported comparable spiritual phenomena. Despite controversies, the Toronto Blessing has left a lasting mark on contemporary Christian worship and revivalist movements, emphasizing experiential faith and the Holy Spirit’s power.

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