A fraternal organization with a rich history, known for its secret rituals, symbolic imagery, and commitment to charitable work.
Founded: 1717
Location: International
Other Names: Masonry, Masonic Order
Freemasonry, often simply called Masonry, stands as one of the world’s oldest and most widely recognized fraternal organizations. Its roots trace back to the stonemason guilds of medieval Europe, evolving over centuries from a professional association of cathedral builders into a moral and philosophical society that has influenced countless individuals and communities globally.
The formal establishment of Freemasonry occurred in 1717 with the founding of the Grand Lodge in England, marking the beginning of organized Freemasonry as it is known today. This historical moment represented a shift from operative (actual stone working) to speculative (symbolic interpretation of masonry work) Masonry, embedding the organization with rich rituals, symbols, and allegories designed to impart moral and ethical lessons.
At its core, Freemasonry is dedicated to the principles of brotherly love, relief (charity), and truth. It encourages its members, known as Masons, to live by these values, fostering personal growth, moral development, and a commitment to helping others. Membership is open to men of adult age who believe in a Supreme Being and the immortality of the soul, regardless of their ethnic, religious, or social background.
Freemasonry is not a religion, nor does it prescribe to any particular religious doctrine, but it requires a belief in a higher power. It operates in a manner akin to many societies and organizations, with regular meetings, ceremonial rituals, and a structured hierarchy of degrees through which members progress. These degrees—Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft, and Master Mason—symbolize stages of personal development, with each offering unique lessons and insights aimed at the betterment of the individual and, by extension, society.
The organization is structured into local units known as Lodges, which serve as the fundamental operational and communal hubs for Masons. Lodges are places where members meet to conduct their rituals, discuss lodge business, engage in charitable planning, and enjoy fellowship. Each lodge functions with a degree of autonomy under the umbrella of regional, national, and international Grand Lodges that ensure adherence to the core principles and practices of Freemasonry.
Throughout its history, Freemasonry has been the subject of scrutiny and conspiracy theories, often related to its secretive nature, rituals, and the influence of its members in various societal echelons. However, Freemasonry itself emphasizes transparency in its purpose and actions, with the secrecy largely pertaining to its internal ceremonies and symbols, which are meant to strengthen the bonds among members and underscore the group’s teachings. Despite these controversies, Freemasonry has consistently been a force for charity and community service. Masonic Lodges across the world engage in a wide range of philanthropic activities, from funding scholarships and supporting hospitals to various local community service projects.
image via Crux
